Происхождение ценностей и смысл жизни: религиозный и научный подходы
Аннотация
В статье описана мировоззренческая модель, предлагающая трактовку смысла жизни на основе систематизированных данных естественных наук, психологии и социологии. Возникновение жизни и разума рассматриваются как закономерный результат эволюции. Жизнь при этом выступает как противоположность процессов энтропии, а разум — как инструмент выживания биологического вида человека разумного. Таким образом, эволюционно обусловленный смысл жизни человека состоит в содействии выживанию своего биологического вида. В человеческой психике заложены механизмы, способствующие реализации именно такого смысла жизни. К ним относятся: потребность в осмысленном существовании; взаимосвязь между соответствующими жизненными стратегиями, с одной стороны, и психическим и физиологическим благополучием — с другой; феномен совести. В свою очередь, соответствующие стремления человека закрепляются в общественном сознании в виде системы духовно-нравственных ценностей, объективно способствующих выживанию человеческого рода — каковыми и являются подлинные общечеловеческие ценности, лежащие в основе традиционных ценностей отдельных цивилизаций. Ценностно ориентированное мировоззрение, основанное на современных научных представлениях, актуально сегодня для решения задач воспитания, образования и научного исследования.
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Литература
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